معرفی مدلی برای سنجش باورها و نگرش‌های محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان و عوامل مؤثر بر آن (مطالعه موردی دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی)

نویسندگان

1 دکتری تخصصی برنامه‌ریزی توسعه آموزش عالی، ایران

2 دانشیار مطالعات برنامه درسی دانشگاه کردستان، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی برنامه‌ریزی توسعه آموزش عالی دانشگاه مازندران، ایران

4 دانشجوی رشته علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، واحد یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

آموزش محیط‌زیستی یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل ارتقاء سطح آگاهی و نگرش جامعه در مورد محیط‌زیست است. به‌طور ویژه، آموزش کودکان به‌مراتب تأثیراتی عمیق‌تری را در پی خواهد داشت. هدف اساسی پژوهش حاضر، معرفی مدلی برای سنجش باورها و نگرش‌های محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان و عوامل مؤثر بر آن است. پژوهش از طریق موردبررسی قرار دادن تحقیقات پیشین، سازمان‌ها و صاحب‌نظران آموزش محیط‌زیست، ضمن معرفی مقیاس‌های سنجش نگرش‌های محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان و عوامل مؤثر بر آن، به معرفی جامع‌ترین و مهم‌ترین مدل اندازه‌گیری‌های باورها و نگرش‌های محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان پرداخته است. بناتر همه ملاحظات فوق‌الذکر، روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی- مروری است. نتایج حاکی از این‌که برای سنجش نگرش‌ها و باورهای محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان، سه بعد مدلManley, Johnson and Dunlop (2007) تحت عنوان حقوق طبیعت، معافیت گرایی انسان و اقتصادی و بحرانی را باید در نظر گرفت. در مرحله بعدی برای سنجش هرکدام از ابعاد مذکور لازم است از مقیاس‌های رویکرد جدید محیط‌زیستی تأییدشده برای کودکان Manley, Johnson and Dunlop (2007) و مقیاس‌های رویکرد ارتباط بین انسان و طبیعت Lee and Long (2012)، استفاده نمود.

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