Environmental Management System in the Marketing of Four- and Five- Star Hotels

Authors
1 Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 MSc of Business Management in Marketing, Attar Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad. Iran
3 Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Water and Environment Research Institute, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Despite efforts to reduce the ecological footprint of the hotel industry, threats in this regard continue and the environment is exposed to further pollution and damage. Given the importance of this issue, the present study examines the position of environmental management system in the environmental marketing of hotels. The statistical population was the managers of four- and five-star hotels of Mashhad, a city in north east of Iran.We used a descriptive approach including survey research methods. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software. Furthermore, the structural equation model of the data was extracted using AMOS software. The simple, multiple, and mediation regression models were applied to evaluate the research hypotheses, to determine the presence or absence of effect among variables, and to estimate and generalize the results obtained from the sample size to the statistical population. Results showed that, although some factors have a positive and significant effect on marketing of four- and five-star hotels at Mashhad including environmental content, environmental planning, inputs, achievements, and processes of environmental attention, the outputs do not have a positive and significant effect on the environmental management system in the marketing of these hotels. However, the most influential to the least influential factors affecting the environmental management system were planning, process, input, content, achievements, and output, respectively. The results of the models showed that the environmental management system can be predicted based on all of these factors.
Keywords
Subjects

Abu Seman, N.A.; Zakuan, N.; Jusoh, A. & Md Arif, M.S. 2012. green supply chain management: a review and research direction. International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains, 3(1): 332-340.
Alexander, S. 2002. Green hotels: Opportunities and resources for success. http://www.zerowaste.org/ publications/ green-o.pdf
Balogun, A.L.; Marks, D.; Sharma, R.; Shekhar, H.; Balmes, C.; Maheng, D.; ... & Salehi, P. 2020. Assessing the potentials of digitalization as a tool for climate change adaptation and sustainable development in urban centres. Sustainable Cities and Society, 53, 101888.
Bezdek, R.H.; Wendling, R.M. & DiPerna, P. 2008. Environmental protection, the economy, and jobs: National and regional analyses. Journal of Environmental Management, 86(1): 63-79.
Chen, T.B. & Chai, L.T. 2010. Attitude towards the environment and green products: consumers' perspective. Management science and engineering, 4(2): 27.
Erdogan, N, & Baris, E., 2007. Environmental protection programs and conservation practices of hotels in Ankara, Turkey, Tourism Management, Vol. 28: 604-614.
Feng, M.; Yu, W.; Wang, X.; Wong, C.Y.; Xu, M. & Xiao, Z. 2018. Green supply chain management and financial performance: The mediating roles of operational and environmental performance. Business strategy and the Environment, 27(7): 811-824.
Galloway, L.; Anderson, M. & Brown, W. 2006. Are engineers becoming more enterprising? A study of the potentials of entrepreneurship education. International Journal of Continuing Engineering Education and Life Long Learning, 16(5): 355-365.
Gil, M.A.; Jiménez, J.B. & Lorente, J.C. 2001. An analysis of environmental management, organizational context and performance of Spanish hotels. Omega, 29(6): 457-471.
Gryshchenko, O.; Babenko, V.; Bilovodska, O.; Voronkova, T.; Ponomarenko, I. & Shatskaya, Z. 2022. Green tourism business as marketing perspective in environmental management. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management.
Kanji, G.K. 2002. Performance measurement system. Total Quality Management, 13(5): 715-728.
Kolahi, M. 2021. Natural Resources Stakeholders. Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 8(1): 19-30.
Kolahi, M. 2019. Environmental Knowledge: From Wisdom to Capability. Agricultural education research, Tehran, 159 pp (In Persian).
Nouri, I.; Qaffari, P. & Mardani, A. 2011. Survey Factors of Implementation of Environmental management system (EMS), ISO 14001by Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) (Case study: ARAK SMEs). Future study Management, 22(89): 87-106 (In Persian).
Peattie, K. and Crane, A. 2005. Green marketing: legend, myth, farce or prophesy?, Qualitative Market Research, Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 357-370.
Pratt, C.A.; Lemon, S.C.; Fernandez, I.D.; Goetzel, R.; Beresford, S.A.; French, S.A.; ... & Webber, L.S. 2007. Design characteristics of worksite environmental interventions for obesity prevention. Obesity, 15(9): 2171-2180.
Rahman, I. & Reynolds, D. 2016. Predicting green hotel behavioral intentions using a theory of environmental commitment and sacrifice for the environment. International journal of hospitality management, 52: 107-116.
Shahvali, M. 2006. A research epistemology and time scale for the conservation of environment. Proceeding of the First International Conference on Research Methodologies in Science, Engineering and Technology, Tehran 30-31 May, 62-72.
Srivastava, S.K. 2007. Green supply‐chain management: a state‐of‐the‐art literature review. International journal of management reviews, 9(1): 53-80.
Stolton, S.; Hockings, M.; Dudley, N.; MacKinnon, K.; Whitten, T. & Leverington, F. 2007. Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT). Protected Area Management Effectiveness Assessments in Europe, 15.
Thommandru, A.; Espinoza-Maguiña, M.; Ramirez-Asis, E.; Ray, S.; Naved, M. & Guzman-Avalos, M. 2023. Role of tourism and hospitality business in economic development. Materials Today: Proceedings, 80: 2901-2904.
Töyry, E. 2020. Green Jobs: Impact of the Emergence of Green Economics on Net Job Creation.
Yildiz, N.D.; Yilmaz, H.; Demir, M. & Toy, S. 2011. Effects of personal characteristics on environmental awareness; a questionnaire survey with university campus people in a developing country, Turkey. Scientific Research and Essays, 332-340.
Zhu, Q. & Sarkis, J. 2004. Relationships between Operational Practices and Performance among Early Adopters of Green Supply Chain Management Practices in Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises. Journal of Operations Management, 22(3): 265-289.
Zolkifli Abd Hamid, M.; Safarin Nordin, M.; Kamin, Y. & Hatib Mustamal, A. 2019. Paving Sustainable Development Through Generic Green Skills Based on Desk Research. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(289): 911-916.