واکاوی تجربه‌های زیسته اکوتوریست‌‌ها از محیط‌های روستایی و اثرات مثبت آن

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آموزش محیط‌زیست، گروه برنامه‌ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف عمده این پژوهش، کشاندن تجربه‌های زیسته گردشگران از طبیعت و فضای نیمه‌طبیعی روستایی و اثرات مثبت آن به حوزه‌‌ی دانش رسمی، کشف داده‌های مهم و مقوله‌های جدید است. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا با تکمیل پازلی از مقوله‌ها به فهم و تبیین کیفیت «تجربه طبیعت در فضای روستایی» و اثرات سازنده‌ی آن در ابعاد گوناگون منجر شود. روش پژوهش حاضرکیفی است و در آن از نظریه بنیادی استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه، گردشگران مشهدی هستند که در سال‌های 1398 و 1399 دست کم پنج سفر گردشگری روستایی داشته اند. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات به شیوه گلوله برفی با استفاده از دو معیار «تنوع» و «رسیدن به نقطه اشباع نظری» با 41 نفر مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته انجام گرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد گردشگران طیف متنوعی از تجربه‌های مستقیم طبیعت را در محیط‌های طبیعی روستایی با حواس پنجگانه خود تجربه کرده‌اند که با تاثیرات مثبت فراوانی از جمله بهبود سلامت روحی، روانی و جسمانی، احساس لذت و عزت نفس، بروز خلاقیت و نوعی حس رضایت‌مندی همراه بوده است. در پایان پیشنهادهایی به مسئولین ذی‌صلاح در راستای توسعه بسترهای تجربه طبیعت و غنی‌سازی سفرهای گردشگری روستایی ارایه شد. هم‌چنین، از آن جا که پژوهش حاضر تلاشی در راستای تداوم گفتمان‌سازی آکادمیک برای توجه به اهمیت و ابعاد تجربه طبیعت، نقش و تاثیرات آن به شمار می‌رود، مهم‌ترین پیشنهاد این مطالعه به پژوهشگران آتی انجام پژوهش‌های کمی-کیفی و آمیخته بیشتر در این قلمروی نوپا و میان‌رشته‌ای است.

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