نشریه علمی محیط زیست و توسعه

نشریه علمی محیط زیست و توسعه

بررسی رفتار انتقال نانو/میکروپلاستیک‌ها در اکوسیستم‌های تالابی و ردیابی این آلاینده‌ها با استفاده از نانوحسگرهای تشخیصی سریع

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
زینب سلحشور 1
ملیحه مدنیان 2
احسان شکری 3
1 کارشناس محیط‌زیست، دفتر محیط کار، بهداشت و ایمنی، محیط‌زیست و انرژی، وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت، تهران، ایران.
2 پژوهشگر تحقیقات، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران.
3 هیئت علمی بخش تحقیقات نانوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی کرج، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، البرز، ایران.
10.22034/eiat.2025.248437
چکیده
نگرانی‌های بوم سم‌شناس[1] در رابطه با نانو/میکروپلاستیک‌ها[2] (N/MPs) در اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی به‌خصوص اکوسیستم تالابی که یک منطقه انتقالی بین اکوسیستم‌های آبی و خشکی است، وجود دارد. نانو/میکروپلاستیک‌ها به دلیل هم‏ترابُردی[3] N/MPs با سایر آلاینده‌ها و انتقال از زنجیره غذایی، تهدیدی جدی برای سلامت موجودات زنده می‌باشند. در این مطالعه، منابع ورود N/MPs، شناسایی آنها در محیط‌های آبی با استفاده از نانوحسگرها و سرنوشت این آلاینده‌‌ها در این اکوسیستم‌‌های مهم و حساس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.N/MPs از منابع مختلف انسانی (تخلیه فاضلاب و تولیدات کشاورزی و صنعتی) و طبیعی (باران-رواناب، رسوب اتمسفر، و اثرات جزر و مد) وارد اکوسیستم‌های تالابی می‌شوند. پلی‌اتیلن و پلی‌پروپیلن رایج‌ترین نوع میکروپلاستیک‌های موجود در تالاب‌ها هستند که عمدتاً به صورت الیاف و قطعات یافت می‌شوند. استفاده از نانو/زیست‌حسگر در شناسایی N/MPs می‌تواند حد پایین تشخیص مورد نیاز برای غربالگری محیطی و شناسایی در سطح مولکولی را فراهم کند. مرور منابع نشان داد عوامل متعددی مانند تجزیه نوری، بلع توسط حیوانات آبزی، تخریب میکروبی و ته‌‌نشینی در رسوبات در انتقال و سرنوشت آنها نقش دارد. این آلاینده‌های نوظهور به‌دلیل ماهیت و اندازه کوچکشان می‌توانند گیاهان، حیوانات و میکروارگانیسم‌‌های تالاب را تحت تأثیر قرار ‌‌دهند. همچنین میکروپلاستیک‌ها می‌توانند در گرم شدن کره زمین نقش داشته باشند، چرا که بر ساختار جامعه میکروبی در رسوبات تالاب و فراوانی ژن‌های دخیل در چرخه کربن و نیتروژن مرتبط با انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای اثر دارند. بنابراین، توسعه روش‌های نوین شناسایی N/MPs برای توسعه مدیریت مؤثر برای حفاظت از این اکوسیستم‌های تالابی مهم و ارزشمند، ضروری است.



1. Ecotoxicology


2. Micro/nanoplastics


3. Co-transport
کلیدواژه‌ها
نانو/میکروپلاستیک‌ها
تالاب
سرنوشت
نانو/زیست‌حسگر
گرمایش جهانی
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نشریه علمی محیط زیست و توسعه
دوره 16، شماره 31
شهریور 1404
صفحه 41-60