نشریه علمی محیط زیست و  توسعه

نشریه علمی محیط زیست و توسعه

بررسی تأثیر شاخص توسعه انسانی بر کیفیت ‌‌محیط‌زیست در کشورهای عضو سازمان بهره‌وری آسیا

نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی ساری، ایران
2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی ساری، ایران.
3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی، ساری، ایران
4 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی، ساری، ایران
10.22034/eiat.2025.230835
چکیده
تلاش هر کشور و جامعه‌ای، دستیابی به رفاه و آسایش بیشتر و جبران عقب‌ماندگی و به‌عبارتی زندگی بهتر و برتر است. بدیهی است که رسیدن به چنین اهدافی، نیازمند توسعه پایدار است. امروزه، رابطه بین توسعه انسانی و کیفیت ‌‌محیط‌زیست به‌عنوان یک موضوع برجسته در زمینه حفظ و پایداری ‌‌محیط‌زیست مطرح است؛ افزایش شاخص توسعه انسانی میزان مصرف منابع‌طبیعی و پایداری ‌‌محیط‌زیست را تحت تأثیر قرار ‌می‌دهد. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی رابطه میان آلودگی ‌‌‌‌محیط‌زیستی و شاخص توسعه انسانی در کشورهای منتخب عضو سازمان بهره‌وری آسیایی است. برای آزمون لیمر داده‌‌های مطالعه باید به‌صورت ترکیبی به کار گرفته شود که شامل 20 کشور عضو سازمان بهره‌وری آسیایی در دوره زمانی 2018-2000 است. نتایج ‌به‌دست آمده از برآورد مدل نشان داد که با افزایش شاخص توسعه انسانی، میزان انتشار دی‌اکسیدکربن کاهش ‌می‌یابد. به‌بیان دیگر، چنانچه شاخص توسعه انسانی که متشکل از سه متغیر امید به زندگی، تحصیلات و درآمد سرانه است، افزایش یابد، موجب بهبود کیفیت ‌‌محیط‌زیست ‌می‌شود. این بدان معنی است که افزایش امید به زندگی، افزایش سطح تحصیلات و افزایش درآمد سرانه منجر به بهبود و ارتقا شاخص توسعه انسانی ‌می‌شود و حاصل ارتقا شاخص توسعه انسانی افزایش رفاه جامعه است که در نهایت منجر به کاهش سطح آلودگی‌ها، به‌خصوص ‌‌آلودگی هوا ‌می‌شود. با توجه به اینکه با ارتقا شاخص توسعه انسانی، کیفیت ‌‌محیط‌زیست ارتقا ‌می‌یابد، پیشنهاد ‌می‌شود که سیاست‌گذاران به گسترش آموزش و سیاست‌‌های افزایش شاخص‌‌های توسعه انسانی جهت بهبود کیفیت ‌‌محیط‌زیست پرداخته و کاهش آلودگی را مدنظر قرار دهند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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